NonsInflamol™

1. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of cat’s claw (Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis) are independent of their alkaloid content.
Sandoval M, Okuhama NN, Zhang XJ, Condezo LA, Lao J, Angeles’ FM, Musah RA, Bobrowski P, Miller MJ.
Phytomedicine. 2002 May;9(4):325-37.
PMID: 12120814 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

2. Traditional medicinal plant use in Northern Peru: tracking two thousand years of healing culture.
Bussmann RW, Sharon D.
PMID: 17090303 [PubMed - in process]

3. Analgesic, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory principle from Scoparia dulcis.
Ahmed M, Shikha HA, Sadhu SK, Rahman MT, Datta BK.
PMID: 11534346 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

4. Studies on the inhibitory effects of caffeoylquinic acids on monocyte migration and superoxide ion production.
Peluso G, De Feo V, De Simone F, Bresciano E, Vuotto ML.
J Nat Prod. 1995 May;58(5):639-46.
5. Eudesmane derivatives from Tessaria integrifolia.
Ono M, Masuoka C, Odake Y, Ito Y, Nohara T.
PMID: 10731027 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

6. Chuchuhuasha - a drug used in folk medicine in the Amazonian and Andean areas. Achemical study of Maytenus laevis.
Gonzalez JG; delle Monache G; delle Monache F; Marini-Bettol GB
J Ethnopharmacol, 5: 1, 1982 Jan, 73-7
Friedelane triterpenoids from Maytenus macrocarpa.
Chavez H, Estevez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Gonzalez AG.
J Med Chem. 1999 Oct 21;42(21):4388-93.
PMID: 9461656 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

7. Friedelane triterpenoids from Maytenus macrocarpa.
Chavez H, Estevez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Gonzalez AG.
Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica, Antonio Gonzalez,
Universidad de Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Island, Spain.
PMID: 9461656 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

1. Anti-inflammatory and antioxidant activities of cat’s claw (Uncaria tomentosa and Uncaria guianensis) are independent of their alkaloid content.
Sandoval M, Okuhama NN, Zhang XJ, Condezo LA, Lao J, Angeles’ FM, Musah RA, Bobrowski P, Miller MJ.
Albany Medical College, Center for Cardiovascular Sciences and Deapertment of Pediatrics, NY 12208, USA. Sandovm@mail.amc.edu
Phytomedicine. 2002 May;9(4):325-37.
Cat’s claw is an herbal medicine from the Amazon that is used widely to treat inflammatory disorders. The purpose of this study was to characterize the antioxidative and antiinflammatory properties of cat’s claw, Uncaria tomentosa (UT) and Uncaria guianensis (UG). Alkaloids and flavanols were determined using reversed-phase HPLC; scavenging of 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrilhydrazyl (DPPH), hydroxyl radicals, and lipid peroxidation by spectrophotometry; and TNFalpha production by ELISA. Anti-inflammatory activity was assessed in vitro by inhibition of TNFalpha and nitrite production from RAW 264.7 cells exposed to LPS (50 ng/ml) and in vivo using the indomethacin-induced gastritis model. Apoptosis was assessed using the TUNEL technique and TNFalpha mRNA by in situ RT-PCR. In each of the antioxidant assays tested, UG was more potent than UT (P < 0.01). The total oxindole and pentacyclic alkaloid content of UT was 35-fold > UG. The IC50 value for inhibition of TNFalpha production was significantly (P < 0.01) higher for UT (14.1 ng/ml) vs UG (9.5 ng/ml), yet at concentrations that were considerable lower than that required for antioxidant activity. Non-alkaloid HPLC fractions from UT decreased LPS-induced TNFalpha and nitrite production in RAW 264.7 cells (P < 0.01) at a concentration range comparable to the parent botanical. Oral pretreatment for 3 d with UT protected against indomethacin-induced gastritis, and prevented TNFalpha mRNA expression and apoptosis. These results indicate that while both species of cat’s claw provide effective antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities, U. guianensis is more potent. In conclusion, the presence of oxindole or pentacyclic alkaloids did not influence the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of cat’s claw.
PMID: 12120814 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

2. Traditional medicinal plant use in Northern Peru: tracking two thousand years of healing culture.
Bussmann RW, Sharon D.
University of Hawaii, Lyon Arboretum, 3860 Manoa Rd,, Honolulu, HI 96822, USA. bussmann@hawaii.edu.
ABSTRACT: This paper examines the traditional use of medicinal plants in Northern Peru, with special focus on the Departments of Piura, Lambayeque, La Libertad, Cajamarca, and San Martin.Northern Peru represents the center of the old Central Andean “Health Axis,” stretching from Ecuador to Bolivia. The roots of traditional healing practices in this region go at least as far back as the Moche period (AC 100-800).Although about 50% of the plants in use reported in the colonial period have disappeared from the popular pharmacopoeia, the plant knowledge of the population is much more extensive than in other parts of the Andean region.510 plant species used for medicinal purposes were collected, identified and their vernacular names, traditional uses and applications recorded. The families best represented were Asteraceae with 69 species, Fabaceae (35), Lamiaceae (25), and Solanaceae (21). Euphorbiaceae had twelve species, and Apiaceae and Poaceae 11 species.The highest number of species was used for the treatment of “magical/ritual” ailments (207 species), followed by respiratory disorders (95), problems of the urinary tract (85), infections of female organs (66), liver ailments (61), inflammations (59), stomach problems (51) and rheumatism (45).Most of the plants used (83%) were native to Peru. Fresh plants, often collected wild, were used in two thirds of all cases, and the most common applications included the ingestion of herb decoctions or the application of plant material as poultices.
PMID: 17090303 [PubMed - in process]

3. Analgesic, diuretic, and anti-inflammatory principle from Scoparia dulcis.
Ahmed M, Shikha HA, Sadhu SK, Rahman MT, Datta BK.
Department of Pharmacy, University of Dhaka, Dhaka, Bangladesh. mua@du.bangla.netScoparinol, a diterpene, isolated from Scoparia dulcis showed significant analgesic (p < 0.001) and anti-inflammatory activity (p < 0.01) in animals. A sedative action of scoparinol was demonstrated by a marked potentiation of pentobarbital-induced sedation with a significant effect on both onset and duration of sleep (p < 0.05). Measurement of urine volume after administration of scoparinol indicated its significant diuretic action.
PMID: 11534346 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

4. Studies on the inhibitory effects of caffeoylquinic acids on monocyte migration and superoxide ion production.
Peluso G, De Feo V, De Simone F, Bresciano E, Vuotto ML.
Istituto di Biochimica delle Proteine ed Enzimologia Napoli, Italy.
J Nat Prod. 1995 May;58(5):639-46.
Three caffeoylquinic acids, isolated from the Peruvian plants Tessaria integrifolia and Mikania cordifolia that are used medicinally as anti-inflammatory agents, were tested for their activities on monocyte migration and superoxide anion production. 3,5-Di-O-caffeoylquinic and 4,5-di-O-caffeoylquinic acids exhibited an appreciable anti-inflammatory activity in vitro, while the tricaffeoyl derivative was inactive.

5. Eudesmane derivatives from Tessaria integrifolia.
Ono M, Masuoka C, Odake Y, Ito Y, Nohara T.
Research Institute of General Education, Kyushu Tokai University, Aso, Kumamoto, Japan. mono@as-1.ktokai-u.ac.jp
Five eudesmane-type sesquiterpenoids were isolated from the methanol extract of the aerial part of Tessaria integrifolia Ruiz. et Pavon (Compositae). Their structures were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analysis is well as chemical evidence.
PMID: 10731027 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

6. Chuchuhuasha - a drug used in folk medicine in the Amazonian and Andean areas. Achemical study of Maytenus laevis.
Gonzalez JG; delle Monache G; delle Monache F; Marini-Bettol GB
J Ethnopharmacol, 5: 1, 1982 Jan, 73-7
In the high Amazonian basin a plant named chuchuasha, (or chuchuaso) is used in traditional medicine for several purposes in the form of an alcoholic extract. This plant, a Maytenus species, most probably Maytenus laevis, grows in the subandean region of the Amazonian basin (Peru, Ecuador, Colombia). Antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties were recently attributed to the extracts of the root bark of the plant. The composition of the extract of M. laevis from the Putumayo area of Colombia was studied in order to establish the active principle responsible for these activities. The presence of phenoldienones (tingenone, 22-hydroxytingenone), a catechin (4’-methyl-(-)-epigallocatechin) and proanthocyanidins (Ouratea-proanthocyanidins A and B) was established. The biological activities of these compounds confirm the properties of the extracts of the plant claimed by traditional medicine.

7. Friedelane triterpenoids from Maytenus macrocarpa.
Chavez H, Estevez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Gonzalez AG.
Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica, Antonio Gonzalez,
Universidad de Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Island, Spain.
J Med Chem. 1999 Oct 21;42(21):4388-93.
A set of friedelane triterpenoids has been isolated from the stem bark exudates of Maytenus macrocarpa. It includes a new friedelan triterpene (1), together with the known compounds friedelin, 3-oxo-29-hydroxyfriedelane, 3-oxofriedelan-25-al, and canophyllol. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical evidence. Complete 1H and 13C assignments were achieved by 2D NMR spectroscopy. The new compound showed weak activity against aldose reductase. It did not display antitumor activity against P-388 lymphoid neoplasm, A-549 human lung carcinoma, HT-29 human colon carcinoma, or MEL-28 human melanoma cell lines.
PMID: 9461656 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]