MycoLogic™

Myco-Logic™— (tonic) — Myco-Logic™ contains botanicals that are known for stimulating nerve growth. It stimulates the regeneration of nerve cells, regulates cell formation and maintains survival of cells.1 It enhances blood flow, brain circulation, and offsets the degenerative effects of senility and Alzheimer’s.9,16,17 This formula contains glycol-proteins, enzymes, polysaccharides and other metabolites, which stimulate the immune system and have cellular protective, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antiviral and antioxidant effects.1,3,10,11 Effective against cancerous tumors, including breast cancer.4,5,6,7 The potent anti-microbial activity restores homeostasis in an immune-suppressed host.1 Myco-Logic™ is useful for diseases associated with micro-organisms.12 The presence of ganoderic acid lowers blood pressure and decreases LDL (bad cholesterol).2 This reduces the ability for mycoplasma to grow. It also reduces blood platelets from sticking together, which is a factor in lowering coronary artery disease. There have been numerous studies on the effects of auto-immune diseases and the treatment of psoriasis. 13,14 It is good for energy, enriches the blood and strengthens joints, tendons and bones. It is good for the skin complexion, and even prevents skin cancer.15

1. The Pharmacological Potential of Mushrooms
Ulrike Lindequist, Timo H. J. Niedermeyer and Wolf-Dieter Ju¨ lich
eCAM 2005;2(3)285–299
doi:10.1093/ecam/neh107
Reishi‘Ganoderma lucidum’

Monkeyhead ~ Hericium erinaceus’ Note: Also reference 1.
& Reishi ~ Ganoderma lucidum

4. Trypsin-like proteinases and trypsin inhibitors in fruiting bodies of higher fungi
[Article in Russian]
Gzogian LA, Proskuriakov MT, Ievleva EV, Valueva TA.
PMID: 16358748 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

5. Unconventional Anticancer Agents: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials
Andrew J. Vickers, Joyce Kuo, and Barrie R. Cassileth
National Institute on Health Public Access. Author Manuscript
J Clin Oncol. Author manuscript; available in PMC 2006 May 30.Published in final edited form as:
J Clin Oncol. 2006 January 1; 24(1): 136–140.

8. Ganoderma lucidum inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells by down-regulation of estrogen receptor and NF-kappaB signaling.
Jiang J, Slivova V, Sliva D.
PMID: 16865287 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

10. Phenolic components and antioxidant activity of Fernblock, an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of the fern Polypodium leucotomos.
Garcia F, Pivel JP, Guerrero A, Brieva A, Martinez-Alcazar MP, Caamano-Somoza M, Gonzalez S.
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol. 2006 Apr;28(3):157-60.
PMID: 16810341 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

13. A sulphonoglycolipid from the fern Polypodium decumanum and its effect on the platelet activating-factor receptor in human neutrophils.”
Vasange M, Rolfsen W, Bohlin L.
Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Sweden.
PMID: 9178195 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

14. Two years personal experience in anapsos treatment of psoriasis in various clinical forms [Article in Spanish]
Pineiro Alvarez B.
PMID: 6348443 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

16. Motherwort (Leonarus cardiaca)
The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants, by Andrew Chevallier, Published by DK Press, 1996. p. 225.”

Abstracts for above References

Monkeyhead ~ Hericium erinaceus

1. The Pharmacological Potential of Mushrooms
Ulrike Lindequist, Timo H. J. Niedermeyer and Wolf-Dieter Ju¨ lich
Institute of Pharmacy, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt-University, Friedrich-Ludwig-Jahn-Strasse 17, 17487 Greifswald, Germany
This review describes pharmacologically active compounds from mushrooms. Compounds and complex substances with antimicrobial, antiviral, antitumor, antiallergic, immunomodulating, anti-inflammatory, antiatherogenic, hypoglycemic, hepatoprotective and central activities are covered, focusing on the review of recent literature. The production of mushrooms or mushroom compounds is discussed briefly.
eCAM 2005;2(3)285–299
doi:10.1093/ecam/neh107

2. Effect of 26-Oxygenosterols from Ganoderma lucidum and Their Activity as Cholesterol Synthesis Inhibitors
Hassan Hajjaj,† Catherine Mace´, Matthew Roberts,‡ Peter Niederberger,* and Laurent B. Fay
Nestle´ Research Centre, Nestec Ltd., Vers-chez-les-Blanc, P.O. Box 44, 1000 Lausanne 26, Switzerland
Received 16 August 2004/Accepted 3 February 2005
Ganoderma lucidum is a medicinal fungus belonging to the Polyporaceae family which has long been known in Japan as Reishi and has been used extensively in traditional Chinese medicine. We report the isolation and identification of the 26-oxygenosterols ganoderol A, ganoderol B, ganoderal A, and ganoderic acid Y and their biological effects on cholesterol synthesis in a human hepatic cell line in vitro. We also investigated the site of inhibition in the cholesterol synthesis pathway. We found that these oxygenated sterols from G. lucidum inhibited cholesterol biosynthesis via conversion of acetate or mevalonate as a precursor of cholesterol. By incorporation of 24,25-dihydro-[24,25-3H2]lanosterol and [3-3H]lathosterol in the presence of ganoderol A, we determined that the point of inhibition of cholesterol synthesis is between lanosterol and lathosterol. These results demonstrate that the lanosterol 14-demethylase, which converts 24,25-dihydrolanosterol to cholesterol, can be inhibited by the 26-oxygenosterols from G. lucidum. These 26-oxygenosterols could lead to novel therapeutic agents that lower blood cholesterol.
APPLIED AND ENVIRONMENTAL MICROBIOLOGY, July 2005, p. 3653–3658 Vol. 71, No. 7 0099-2240/05/$08.000
doi:10.1128/AEM.71.7.3653–3658.2005

3. Antitumor and immunoenhancing activities of polysaccharide from culture broth of Hericium spp.
Wang JC, Hu SH, Su CH, Lee TM.
Department of Food Sanitation, Tajen Institute of Technology, 20, Wei-Shin Rd., Shin-Erh Villege, Yen-Pu Hsing, Ping Tung, Taiwan jicy.wang@msa.hinet.net
The fruiting body and culture broth of many edible mushrooms contain water-soluble polysaccharides. Numerous researchers have reported that these polysaccharides have immunoenhancing effects. In this study, Hericium erinaceus and Hericium laciniatum were separately cultivated in a shaker at 25 degrees C for 25 days. Polysaccharides were extracted from the culture broth. The molecular weights were larger than 1 x 10(5) k Da and their polysaccharide components were mainly glucose in H. erinaceus and galactose in H. laciniatum. Furthermore, we investigated these two purified water-soluble polysaccharides for their anti-artificial pulmonary metastatic tumor and immunoenhancing effects in ICR mice. The results revealed that both polysaccharides had significant anti-artificial pulmonary metastatic tumor effects in mice (p < 0.05). Additionally, the polysaccharide from H. erinaceus was more effective than that from H. laciniatum. However, both of the polysaccharides enhanced the increase of T cells and macrophages. The numbers of CD4+ cells and macrophages were significantly higher in the test group than in the control group (p < 0.05). From our results, no differences were found between the two purified water-soluble polysaccharides in the antitumor effects and immunoenhancing activities (p > 0.05).
PMID: 11842649 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

4. Trypsin-like proteinases and trypsin inhibitors in fruiting bodies of higher fungi [Article in Russian]
Gzogian LA, Proskuriakov MT, Ievleva EV, Valueva TA.
The activity of trypsin-like proteinases and trypsin inhibitors was measured in fruiting bodies of various species of basidial fungi (Basidiomycetes). Fruiting bodies of all fungi contained these enzymes, with the exceptions of polypore (Coriolus versicolor (Fr.) Karst) and hedgehog fungus (Hericium erinaceus (Fr.) Quel), belonging to the families Polyporaceae and Hericiaceae, respectively, in which the enzyme activities were barely detectable. The activity of trypsin-like proteinases was the highest in fruiting bodies of Boletaceae and Agaricaceae. Fruiting bodies of all fungi contained trypsin inhibitors. The highest activity of trypsin inhibitors was detected in basidiomycetes of the families Boletaceae, Agaricaceae, and Pleurotaceae, including Boletus castanus (Fr.) Karst, orange-cap boletus (Leccinum aurantiacum (Fr.) Sing), and brown-cap boletus (Leccinum melanum (Fr.) Karst).
PMID: 16358748 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

5. Unconventional Anticancer Agents: A Systematic Review of Clinical Trials
Andrew J. Vickers, Joyce Kuo, and Barrie R. Cassileth
From the Integrative Medicine Service and Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center; and State University of New York Downstate, New York, NY.
Abstract
Purpose—A substantial number of cancer patients turn to treatments other than those recommended by mainstream oncologists in an effort to sustain tumor remission or halt the spread of cancer. These unconventional approaches include botanicals, high-dose nutritional supplementation, off-label pharmaceuticals, and animal products. The objective of this study was to review systematically the methodologies applied in clinical trials of unconventional treatments specifically for cancer.
Methods—MEDLINE 1966 to 2005 was searched using approximately 200 different medical subject heading terms (eg, alternative medicine) and free text words (eg, laetrile). We sought prospective clinical trials of unconventional treatments in cancer patients, excluding studies with only symptomcontrol or nonclinical (eg, immune) end points. Trial data were extracted by two reviewers using a standardized protocol.

6. Anti-tumor activities of the antlered form of Ganoderma lucidum in allogeneic and syngeneic tumor-bearing mice.
Nonaka Y, Shibata H, Nakai M, Kurihara H, Ishibashi H, Kiso Y, Tanaka T, Yamaguchi H, Abe S.
Institute for Health Care Science, Suntory Ltd., Osaka, Japan. Yuji_Nonaka@suntory.co.jp
We investigated the anti-tumor effects of a dry powder preparation of the antlered form of Ganoderma lucidum (G.lucidum AF, rokkaku-reishi in Japanese), a variant type of G. lucidum, not only in allogeneic Sarcoma 180-bearing ddY mice, but also in syngeneic MM 46-bearing C3H/He mice. G. lucidum AF inhibited tumor growth and elongated the life span when orally administered to mice by free-feeding of a 2.5% G. lucidum AF-containing diet. It also showed anti-tumor activity in spite of post-feeding after tumor inoculation. G. lucidum AF significantly countered the depression of splenic CD8+ cells and protected the decrease in interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) production in regional lymph nodes of MM 46-bearing mice, indicating that the anti-tumor activity of G. lucidum AF might be caused by its immunostimulating action. These results suggest that the ingestion of G. lucidum AF can be useful for the prevention and curing of cancer.
PMID: 16960396 [PubMed - in process]

7. Comparative studies of various ganoderma species and their different parts with regard to their antitumor and immunomodulating activities in vitro.
Yue GG, Fung KP, Tse GM, Leung PC, Lau CB.
Institute of Chinese Medicine, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, Hong Kong, China.
OBJECTIVES: Ganoderma lucidum (Lingzhi or Reishi) has been commonly suggested in East Asia as a potential candidate for prevention and treatment of different diseases, including cancer. Ganoderma extracts, in particular Ganoderma lucidum (extracts or isolated components), have previously been shown to possess antitumor activities. The present study aimed at comparing three different species of Ganoderma, wildly grown versus cultivated, as well as the different parts of the fruiting body (whole fruiting body, pileus, and stipe), with regard to their antitumor effects in human breast cancer cells and immunomodulatory activities in mouse splenic lymphocytes in vitro. METHODS: The aqueous extracts (12.5-400 microg/mL) of G. lucidum, G. sinense, and G. tsugae were examined for their antiproliferative activities in human breast cancer cell lines, MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, as well as in normal human mammary epithelial cells (primary culture). The immunomodulatory effects of the extracts were evaluated in mouse splenic lymphocytes. The proliferative responses of the mentioned cell types were determined by MTT [3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide] assay. RESULTS: The present results demonstrated that the extracts of all tested Ganoderma samples could significantly inhibit cell proliferation in human breast cancer cell lines MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, with G. tsugae being the most potent.
PMID: 17034284 [PubMed - in process]

8. Ganoderma lucidum inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells by down-regulation of estrogen receptor and NF-kappaB signaling.
Jiang J, Slivova V, Sliva D.
Cancer Research Laboratory, Methodist Research Institute, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA.
Ganoderma lucidum, an oriental medical mushroom, has been used in Asia for the prevention and treatment of a variety of diseases, including cancer. We have previously demonstrated that G. lucidum inhibits growth and induces cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase through the inhibition of Akt/NF-kappaB signaling in estrogen-independent human breast cancer cells. However, the molecular mechanism(s) responsible for the inhibitory effects of G. lucidum on the proliferation of estrogen-dependent (MCF-7) and estrogen-independent (MDA-MB-231) breast cancer cells remain to be elucidated. Here, we show that G. lucidum inhibited the proliferation of breast cancer MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells by the modulation of the estrogen receptor (ER) and NF-kappaB signaling. Thus, G. lucidum down-regulated the expression of ERalpha in MCF-7 cells but did not effect the expression of ERbeta in MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231 cells. In addition, G. lucidum inhibited estrogen-dependent as well as constitutive transactivation activity of ER through estrogen response element (ERE) in a reporter gene assay. G. lucidum decreased TNF-alpha-induced (MCF-7) as well as constitutive (MDA-MB-231) activity of NF-kappaB. The inhibition of ER and NF-kappaB pathways resulted in the down-regulation of expression of c-myc, finally suppressing proliferation of estrogen-dependent as well as estrogen-independent cancer cells. Collectively, these results suggest that G. lucidum inhibits proliferation of human breast cancer cells and contain biologically active compounds with specificity against estrogen receptor and NF-kappaB signaling, and implicate G. lucidum as a suitable herb for chemoprevention and chemotherapy of breast cancer.
PMID: 16865287 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

9. Double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled pilot study with anapsos in senile dementia: Effects on cognition, brain bioelectrical activity and cerebral hemodynamics
Alvarez, X.A., Pichel, V., Perez, P., et al.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of two doses of anapsos in comparison with placebo on cognitive performance, brain bioelectrical activity pattern and cerebral hemodynamic parameters in patients with mild to moderate senile dementia of vascular type and Alzheimer type. Forty-five patients (age 73.8 ± 7.6 years; range 56-89 years) with mild to moderate senile dementia (Global Deterioration Scale: stages 3-5) of the vascular (VD; n = 22) or the Alzheimer type (AD; n = 23) were included in a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial. After a 2-week period of drug washout, patients were treated with placebo (n =15; age 72.7 ± 7.5 years), 360 mg/day of anapsos (n = 15; age 75.5 ± 7.2 years), or 720 mg/day of anapsos (n = 15; age 73 ± 7.7 years) for 4 weeks (28 days). At baseline and after the 4-week period of double-blind treatment, cognitive performance, brain bioelectrical activity power and blood flow hemodynamics in the middle cerebral arteries were evaluated with ADAScog, brain mapping and transcranial Doppler ultrasonography, respectively. Patients receiving 360 mg/day of anapsos showed a significant improvement in cognitive performance after treatment (ADAScog scores: p < 0.05) that was not observed in patients treated with placebo or 720 mg/day of anapsos. As compared to placebo, anapsos (360 mg/day) induced a significant improvement in ADAScog scores in mild senile dementia patients (p < 0.01) and in the subset of patients with AD (p < 0.05). Anapsos (360 mg/day) also increased cerebral blood flow velocities in left and right middle cerebral arteries in the subgroup of AD patients, whereas with the dose of 720 mg/kg this increase was only observed in the left side. Patients treated with anapsos (360 mg/day) showed a decrease in relative delta power and an increase in relative zeta and alpha brain bioelectrical activity frequencies, indicating an acceleration of the EEG pattern. The present results show that anapsos (360 mg/day) improves cognitive performance, cerebral blood perfusion and brain bioelectrical activity in patients with senile dementia. These effects of anapsos were more marked in demented patients with mild mental deterioration and/or with dementia of the Alzheimer type.
Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol 2000, 22(7): 585
ISSN 0379-0355
Copyright 2000 Prous Science
CCC: 0379-0355

10. Phenolic components and antioxidant activity of Fernblock, an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of the fern Polypodium leucotomos. Samambaia (Polypodium pycnocarpum)
Garcia F, Pivel JP, Guerrero A, Brieva A, Martinez-Alcazar MP, Caamano-Somoza M, Gonzalez S.
Industrial Farmaceutica Cantabria, Arequipa 1, Madrid, Spain. fernando.garcia@ifc.es
Fernblock, an aqueous extract of the aerial parts of the fern Polypodium leucotomos, used as raw material for topical and oral photoprotective formulations, was fractioned by HPLC and the main components with antioxidant capability were identified by means of UV spectra, electrochemical detection, and MSn. Phenolic compounds were identified as 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, vanillic acid, caffeic acid, 4-hydroxycinnamic acid, 4-hydroxycinnamoyl-quinic acid, ferulic acid, and five chlorogenic acid isomers. Total ferric antioxidant capacity (FRAP) of HPLC eluted fractions was measured. The results suggest that the herein identified compounds support, at least partially, the antioxidant and radical scavenging capacities of Fernblock. Copyright 2006 Prous Science

11. Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of the proanthocyanidin shellegueain A from Polypodium feei METT.
Subarnas A, Wagner H.
Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Mathemadics and Natural Sciences, Padjadjaran University, Sumedang, Indonesia. anas@bdg.centrin.net.id
Analgesic and anti-inflammatory activity of proanthocyanidin isolated from Polypodium feei roots has been tested using acetic acid-induced writhing and carrageenan-induced paw edema methods, respectively. The compound at doses of 50 and 100 mg/kg significantly decreased writhing responses of mice induced by 0.7 % acetic acid along the 60 min test in a dose-dependent manner. The compound at a dose of 100 mg/kg gave the percent protection of 76.23 higher than that of acetylsalicylic acid (59.84 %) at a dose of 50 mg/kg. In the antiinflammatory test, this compound caused significant inhibition of the rats’ plantar edema induced by 1 % of carrageenan, but this activity was observed only at a higher dose (200 mg/kg). These findings suggest that proanthocyanidin of P. feei roots might have analgesic and antiinflammatory activity, and its mechanism of action might be due to the inhibition of prostaglandin biosynthesis, because the proanthocyanidin fraction had an inhibitory effect on cyclooxygenase, but not on 5-lypoxygenase enzymes.
PMID: 11081991 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

12. Effect of Anapsos in a murine model of experimental trichomoniasis.
Nogal-Ruiz JJ, Gomez-Barrio A, Escario JA, Martinez-Fernandez AR.
Departamento de Parasitologia, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad Complutense, Pza. Ramon y Cajal s/n, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
Immunomodulator effect of Anapsos (Polypodium leukotomas extract) in NMRI (US Naval Medical Research Institute) outbred mice infected by the intraperitoneal route with 10(7) Trichomonas vaginalis has been tested. Gross histopathologic changes in abdominal organs and mortality rate, as a consequence of the pathogenicity of the protozoa and the immune response of the host, were evaluated. Among the different treatment regimes assayed, Anapsos at doses of 20 mg/Kg/day administered for 10 days before infection decreases the parasite pathogenicity index (PI) in the treated animals when compared to those of the untreated control group. The immunosuppressor treatments with azathioprine (100 mg/Kg/day x 1), cyclophosphamide (100 mg/Kg/day x 1), and FK-506 (10 mg/Kg/day x 10) significantly decreased the PI, while an immunostimulant treatment with glycophosphopeptical (13 mg/Kg/day x 10) increased it. These assays have shown the usefulness of the murine model of experimental trichomoniasis for the study of immunomodulator activity of natural or synthetic drugs.PMID: 14710626 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

13. A sulphonoglycolipid from the fern Polypodium decumanum and its effect on the platelet activating-factor receptor in human neutrophils.
Vasange M, Rolfsen W, Bohlin L.
Department of Pharmacy, Uppsala University, Sweden.
The South American fern Polypodium decumanum, traditional name calaguala, has documented clinical use in oral treatment of skin disorders, including psoriasis. The inflammatory mediator platelet-activating factor(PAF), has been implicated in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. A constituent of a calaguala extract has been shown to have inhibitory activity in a PAF-induced exocytosis model in human neutrophils. The compound was identified as the sulphoquinovosyl diacylglycerol 1,2-di-O-palmitoyl-3-O-(6-sulpho-alpha-D-quinovopyranosyl)-glycero l by spectroscopic means. When subsequently studied in an in-vitro model for [3H]PAF binding in neutrophils from man the compound caused dose-dependent displacement of [3H]PAF from its receptor with an IC50 value of 2 microM. It is suggested that the compound acts through PAF receptor antagonism in intact human neutrophils.
PMID: 9178195 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

14. Two years personal experience in anapsos treatment of psoriasis in various clinical forms
Pineiro Alvarez B.
[Article in Spanish]
A personal experience on 495 patients affected by several forms of psoriasis and its answer to the treatment with anapsos (Polypodium Leucotomos Extract) is presented. The whitenings between 80% and 100% of the affected skin were achieved on 304 patients (61.41%); 46 patients whitened between 30% and 80% of their lesions, 15 obtained null results and only 11 had relapses. It is remarkable the high number of abandonments to treatment which came at 119 patients (24.04%) due to slowness of process and other reasons probably. The association with PUVA which shortens the treatment and gives other advantages is pointed out as positive. The average time of treatment was 6 months, and daily doses were from 80 mg. and 720 mg. depending on age, weight and treatment phase. Side effects appeared in two patients only: one with intense pruritus and the other one with gastric disturbances. In both cases, these side effects disappeared when the treatment was interrupted.
PMID: 6348443 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

15. Topical or oral administration with an extract of Polypodium leucotomos prevents acute sunburn and psoralen-induced phototoxic reactions as well as depletion of Langerhans cells in human skin.
Gonzalez S, Pathak MA, Cuevas J, Villarrubia VG, Fitzpatrick TB.
Department of Dermatology, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston 02114, USA.
Sunburn, immune suppression, photoaging, and skin cancers result from uncontrolled overexposure of human skin to solar ultraviolet radiation (UVR). Preventive measures, including photoprotection, are helpful and can be achieved by topical sunscreening agents. Polypodium leucotomos (PL)has been used for the treatment of inflammatory diseases and has shown some in vitro and in vivo inmunomodulating properties. Its beneficial photoprotective effects in the treatment of vitiligo and its antioxidant properties encouraged us to evaluate in vivo the potentially usefu photoprotective property of natural extract of PL after topical application or oral ingestion. Twenty-one healthy volunteers [either untreated or treated with oral psoralens (8-MOP or 5-MOP)] were enrolled in this study and exposed to solar radiation for evaluation of the following clinical parameters: immediate pigment darkening (IPD), minimal erythema dose (MED), minimal melanogenic dose (MMD), and minimal phototoxic dose (MPD) before and after topical or oral administration of PL. Immunohistochemical assessment of CD1a-expressing epidermal cells were also performed. PL was found to be photoprotective after topical application as well as oral administration. PL increased UV dose required for IPD (P < 0.01), MED (P < 0.001)and MPD (P < 0.001). After oral administration of PL, MED increased 2.8 +/- 0.59 times and MPD increased 2.75 +/- 0.5 and 6.8 +/- 1.3 times depending upon the type of psoralen used. Immunohistochemical studyphotoprotection of Langherhans cells boral as well as topical PL. The observed photoprotectiveacivities of oral or topical PL reveal a new avenue in examining the potentially useful field of systemic photoprotection andsuggests that PL can be used as adjunct treatment and can make photochemotherapy and phototherapy possibly safe and effective when the control of cutaneous phototoxicity to PUVA or UVB is a limiting factor in such phototherapies.
PMID: 9361129 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

16. Motherwort (Leonarus cardiaca)
Perennial herb growing to 5 ft. Has toothed palm-shaped leaves and double lipped pink flowers growing in clusters.The aerial parts are used. Motherwort contains alkaloids (including L-stachydrine), an iridoid (leonurine), diterpenes, flavonoids, caffeic acid and tannins. Motherwort has long been considered a heart remedy. Nicholas Culpeper stated that “there is no better herb to drive away melancholy vapours from the heart, to strengthen it and make the mind cheerful” (1652). The Italian physician and herbalist Pierandrea Matteoli held it “useful for palpitations and a pounding heart, spasms and paralysis…[it] thins thick and viscid humours, stimulates urine and menstrual bleeding, and purges stones from the kidneys” (1548). A remedy for the heart and nerves and often prescribed for palpitations, motherwort strengthens heart function, especially in conditions where the heart is weak. A gentle sedative and antispasmodic, it promotes relaxation rather than drowsiness. However, it does stimulate the muscles of the uterus, and is especially suitable for delayed menstruation, menstrual pain, and premenstrual tension (especially if shock or distress is a factor). It should not be used if menstrual bleeding is heavy. Used for panic attacks, menstrual problems, and irregular cycle.Cautions: Do not take motherwort during pregnancy. It should also be avoided if there is heavy menstrual bleeding.
The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants, by Andrew Chevallier, Published by DK Press, 1996. p. 225.”

17. Rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis)
The leaves are used as a nervine, stimulant, circulatory, and anti-inflammatory. Improves and strengthens concentration and memory. Used for long-term stress and chronic illness.Rosemary is a well-known and greatly valued herb that is native to southern Europe. It has been used since antiquity to improve and strengthen the memory. To this day it is burned in the homes of students in Greece who are about to take exams. Rosemary has a longstanding reputation as a tonic, invigorating herb, imparting a zest for life that is to some degree reflected in its distinctive aromatic taste.
Key Actions: Tonic, stimulant, astringent, nervine, anti-inflammatory, carminative Research: Rosmaricine: Research has shown that rosmaricine is a stimulant and mild analgesic. Volatile oil: The oil content varies within the plant. It is analgesic and stimulant, especially when applied to the skin. Other research: Rosemary’s anti-inflammatory effect is due mainly to rosmarinic acid and flavonoids. The flavonoids also strengthen the capillaries. The herb, as a whole, has bitter and astringent properties. Traditional & Current Uses: Circulatory stimulant; A warming herb, it stimulates circulation of blood to the head, improving concentration and memory. It also eases headaches and migraine, and encourages hair growth by improving blood flow to the scalp. Nervous problems: Rosemary has been used to treat epilepsy and vertigo. Poor circulation: Thought to raise low blood pressure, rosemary is valuable for fainting and weakness associated with deficient circulation. Restorative: Rosemary aids recovery from long-term stress and chronic illness. It is thought to stimulate the adrenal glands and is used specifically for debility, especially when accompanied by poor circulation and digestion. Uplifting: Rosemary is often prescribed for people who though not actually ill, are stressed and “failing to thrive.” It is valued as an herb that raises the spirits and is useful for mild to moderate depression, Migraine, premenstrual tension, sore throats, tired and aching muscles.
The Encyclopedia of Medicinal Plants, by Andrew Chevallier. DK Publishing, 1996 P. 125.

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