Chu Chu Huasi

1. Genotoxicity of plant extracts.

Vargas VM; Guidobono RR; Henriques JA

Departamento do Meio Ambiente, Secretaria da Saude e Meio Ambiente, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 86 Suppl 2: 67-70 (1991)

2. Chuchuhuasha - a drug used in folk medicine in the Amazonian and Andean areas. Achemical study of Maytenus laevis.

Gonzalez JG; delle Monache G; delle Monache F; Marini-Bettol GB

J Ethnopharmacol, 5: 1, 1982 Jan, 73-7

3. [First observations on the topical use of Primin, Plumbagin and Maytenin in patients with skin cancer]

Melo AM; Jardim ML; De Santana CF; Lacet Y; Lobo Filho J; De Lima e Ivan Leoncio OG

Rev Inst Antibiot (Recife), 14: 1-2, 1974 Dec, 9-16

4. Pharmacologic and toxicologic effects of two Maytenus species in laboratory animals.

Oliveira MG; Monteiro MG; Macaúúbas C; Barbosa VP; Carlini EA

J Ethnopharmacol, 34: 1, 1991 Aug, 29-41

5. Antitumor agents, 116. Cytotoxic triterpenes from Maytenus diversifolia.

Nozaki H; Matsuura Y; Hirono S; Kasai R; Chang JJ; Lee KH

J Nat Prod, 53: 4, 1990 Jul-Aug, 1039-41

6. Antiulcerogenic effects of two Maytenus species in laboratory animals.

Souza-Formigoni ML; Oliveira MG; Monteiro MG; da Silveira-Filho NG; Braz S; Carlini EA

J Ethnopharmacol, 34: 1, 1991 Aug, 21-7

7. Antiulcerogenic effects of two Maytenus species in laboratory animals.

Vargas VM; Guidobono RR; Henriques JA

Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 86 Suppl 2:1991, 67-70

8. Cytotoxic aromatic triterpenes from Maytenus ilicifolia and Maytenus chuchuhuasca.

Shirota O; Morita H; Takeya K; Itokawa H

J Nat Prod, 57: 12, 1994 Dec, 1675-81

9. Macrocarpins A-D, new cytotoxic nor-triterpenes from Maytenus macrocarpa.

Chavez H, Rodriguez G, Estevez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Estevez-Reyes R, Gonzalez AG, Fdez-Puente JL, Garcia-Gravalos D.

Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica Antonio Gonzalez, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2000 Apr 17;10(8):759-62.

PMID: 10782680 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

10. Sesquiterpene polyol esters from the leaves of maytenus macrocarpa

Chavez H, Callo N, Estevez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Gonzalez AG.

Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica “Antonio Gonzalez”, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofisico Fco. Sanchez 2, 38206 Tenerife, Spain.

J Nat Prod. 1999 Nov;62(11):1576-7.

PMID: 10579879 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

11. Friedelane triterpenoids from Maytenus macrocarpa.

Chavez H, Estevez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Gonzalez AG.

Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica, Antonio Gonzalez, Universidad de Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Island, Spain.

J Nat Prod. 1998 Jan;61(1):82-5.

PMID: 9461656 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

12. New natural sesquiterpenes as modulators of daunomycin resistance in a multidrug-resistant Leishmania tropica line.

Perez-Victoria JM, Tincusi BM, Jimenez IA, Bazzocchi IL, Gupta MP, Castanys S, Gamarro F, Ravelo AG.

Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina “Lopez-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Ventanilla, 11, 18001 Granada, Spain.

J Med Chem. 1999 Oct 21;42(21):4388-93.

PMID: 10543882 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

1. Genotoxicity of plant extracts.

Vargas VM; Guidobono RR; Henriques JA

Departamento do Meio Ambiente, Secretaria da Saude e Meio Ambiente, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.

Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 86 Suppl 2: 67-70 (1991)

Aqueous extracts of seven species used in Brazilian popular medicine (Achyrocline satureoides, Iodina rhombifolia, Desmodium incanum, Baccharis anomala, Tibouchina asperior, Luehea divaricata, Maytenus ilicifolia) were screened to the presence of mutagenic activity in the Ames test (Salmonella/microsome). Positive results were obtained for A. satureoides, B. anomala and L. divaricata with microsomal activation. As shown elsewhere (Vargas et al., 1990) the metabolites of A. satureoides extract also show the capacity to induce prophage and/or SOS response in microscreen phage induction assay and SOS spot chromotest.

2. Chuchuhuasha - a drug used in folk medicine in the Amazonian and Andean areas. Achemical study of Maytenus laevis.

Gonzalez JG; delle Monache G; delle Monache F; Marini-Bettol GB

J Ethnopharmacol, 5: 1, 1982 Jan, 73-7

In the high Amazonian basin a plant named chuchuasha, (or chuchuaso) is used in traditional medicine for several purposes in the form of an alcoholic extract. This plant, a Maytenus species, most probably Maytenus laevis, grows in the subandean region of the Amazonian basin (Peru, Ecuador, Colombia). Antitumor and anti-inflammatory properties were recently attributed to the extracts of the root bark of the plant. The composition of the extract of M. laevis from the Putumayo area of Colombia was studied in order to establish the active principle responsible for these activities. The presence of phenoldienones (tingenone, 22-hydroxytingenone), a catechin (4’-methyl-(-)-epigallocatechin) and proanthocyanidins (Ouratea-proanthocyanidins A and B) was established. The biological activities of these compounds confirm the properties of the extracts of the plant claimed by traditional medicine.

3. [First observations on the topical use of Primin, Plumbagin and Maytenin in patients with skin cancer]

Melo AM; Jardim ML; De Santana CF; Lacet Y; Lobo Filho J; De Lima e Ivan Leoncio OG

Rev Inst Antibiot (Recife), 14: 1-2, 1974 Dec, 9-16

Eleven cases of patients bearing basic cellular carcinoma, and one case of patient bearing Kaposi’s sarcomatosis, all treated with antibiotics isolated by Goncalves de Lima and Co-workers at the Instituto de Antibióóticos, are presented by the authors. Primin, an antibiotic extracted from a vegetal named Miconia sp. (Herb. I.A.-1903) with a 2-metoxi-6-n-pentil-p benzoquinone structure, presented a strong antineoplastic action in the cases treated. Plumbagin isolated from Plumbago scandens in local use, was responsible for a complete healing of the injuries treated. Maytenin extracted from Maytenus sp. (Herb.I.A.-1750) showed less activity than the two previous mentioned, but with a low irritant action and late antineoplastic properties. The authors are going on these experiments. They believe that these antibodies, in local use, may advantageously substitute the surgery and the radiotherapy, meanly in those external ear tumidities and back of the nose, owing to a hurtful action in cartilage, provoked by radiotherapy.

4. Pharmacologic and toxicologic effects of two Maytenus species in laboratory animals.

Oliveira MG; Monteiro MG; Macaúúbas C; Barbosa VP; Carlini EA

J Ethnopharmacol, 34: 1, 1991 Aug, 29-41

Leaves of Maytenus species are used in the popular medicine of Brazil for their reported antacid and antiulcerogenic activity. The present work examined the effects of a boiling water extract of equal parts of M. aquifolium and M. ilicifolia leaves on acute administration in rats and mice, in an attempt to detect any general depressant, hypnotic, anticonvulsant and analgesic effects. General depressant and hypnotic effects were seen only after intraperitoneal administration. After chronic administration, the overall behavior of animals did not change and they continued to gain weight at the same rate as controls. Several biochemical and hematological parameters as well as pathological examination of different organs did not show any significant alterations after 3 months of treatment. A search for the potential effects of the extract on the fertility of female and male rats and on the course of pregnancy as well as a search for potential teratogenic effects did not reveal any significant differences from controls. Taken together, the results indicate that these Maytenus species may be safe for human use and deserve further investigation.

5. Antitumor agents, 116. Cytotoxic triterpenes from Maytenus diversifolia.

Nozaki H; Matsuura Y; Hirono S; Kasai R; Chang JJ; Lee KH

J Nat Prod, 53: 4, 1990 Jul-Aug, 1039-41

The known triterpenes 3-oxofriedelan-29-oic acid [1], 3-oxofriedelan-28-oic acid [2], and 28,29-dihydroxyfriedelan-3-one [3] have been isolated from Maytenus diversifolia. Compounds 1-3 demonstrated cytotoxicity against the A-549 lung carcinoma cells with ED50 values of 0.21, 1.18, and 0.64 micrograms/ml, respectively.

6. Antiulcerogenic effects of two Maytenus species in laboratory animals.

Souza-Formigoni ML; Oliveira MG; Monteiro MG; da Silveira-Filho NG; Braz S; Carlini EA

J Ethnopharmacol, 34: 1, 1991 Aug, 21-7

Leaves of Maytenus species are commonly used in Brazil for the treatment of gastric ulcers, dyspepsias and other gastric problems. The present study evaluated the antiulcerogenic potential of a boiling water extract of equal parts of M. aquifolium and M. ilicifolia leaves against ulcer lesions induced by indomethacin and cold-restraint stress in rats. Ranitidine and cimetidine were used as reference drugs. The oral and intraperitoneal administration of the extract had a potent antiulcerogenic effect against both types of ulcers. The extract was shown to cause an increase in volume and pH of gastric juice of the animals with the pH effects comparable to those of cimetidine. The results tend to confirm the popular use of the plant.

7. Antiulcerogenic effects of two Maytenus species in laboratory animals.

Vargas VM; Guidobono RR; Henriques JA

Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz, 86 Suppl 2:1991, 67-70

Aqueous extracts of seven species used in Brazilian popular medicine (Achyrocline satureoides, Iodina rhombifolia, Desmodium incanum, Baccharis anomala, Tibouchina asperior, Luehea divaricata, Maytenus ilicifolia) were screened to the presence of mutagenic activity in the Ames test (Salmonella/microsome). Positive results were obtained for A. satureoides, B. anomala and L. divaricata with microsomal activation. As shown elsewhere (Vargas et al., 1990) the metabolites of A. satureoides extract also show the capacity to induce prophage and/or SOS response in microscreen phage induction assay and SOS spot chromotest.

8. Cytotoxic aromatic triterpenes from Maytenus ilicifolia and Maytenus chuchuhuasca.

Shirota O; Morita H; Takeya K; Itokawa H

J Nat Prod, 57: 12, 1994 Dec, 1675-81

The isolation and structure elucidation of four cytotoxic aromatic triterpenes [1-4] along with three known quinoid triterpenes [5-7] from the South American medicinal plants MaytenusChuchuhuasi (bark)- Celastracae, Maytenus macrocarpa

9. Macrocarpins A-D, new cytotoxic nor-triterpenes from Maytenus macrocarpa.

Chavez H, Rodriguez G, Estevez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Estevez-Reyes R, Gonzalez AG, Fdez-Puente JL, Garcia-Gravalos D.

Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica Antonio Gonzalez, Universidad de La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain.

Bioorg Med Chem Lett. 2000 Apr 17;10(8):759-62.

Macrocarpins A (1), B (2), C (3) and D (4), four new nor-triterpenes, have been isolated from the roots of Maytenus macrocarpa. The structures were established by spectroscopic examinations. Natural compounds 1, 2, 4 and the acetyl derivative 1a are cytotoxic against four tumoral cell lines with IC50 values ranging between 0.4 and 5.2 microM.

PMID: 10782680 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

10. Sesquiterpene polyol esters from the leaves of maytenus macrocarpa

Chavez H, Callo N, Estevez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Gonzalez AG.

Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica “Antonio Gonzalez”, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofisico Fco. Sanchez 2, 38206 Tenerife, Spain.

J Nat Prod. 1999 Nov;62(11):1576-7.

The aerial parts of Maytenus macrocarpa yielded three new beta-dihydroagarofuran sesquiterpene polyol esters. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic analyses including 2D NMR techniques as 6beta,8beta,15-triacetoxy-1alpha, 9alpha-dibenzoyloxy-4beta-hydroxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (1); 1alpha, 6beta,8beta, 15-tetraacetoxy-9alpha-benzoyloxy-4beta-hydroxy-beta-dihydroagarofura n (2) and (1S,4S,6R,7R,8R,9R)-1,6,15-triacetoxy-8, 9-dibenzoyloxy-4-hydroxy-beta-dihydroagarofuran (3). Compounds 1 and 2 showed marginal antitumor activity against four cell lines.

PMID: 10579879 [PubMed - as supplied by publisher]

11. Friedelane triterpenoids from Maytenus macrocarpa.

Chavez H, Estevez-Braun A, Ravelo AG, Gonzalez AG.

Instituto Universitario de Bio-Organica, Antonio Gonzalez, Universidad de Laguna, Tenerife, Canary Island, Spain.

J Nat Prod. 1998 Jan;61(1):82-5.

A set of friedelane triterpenoids has been isolated from the stem bark exudates of Maytenus macrocarpa. It includes a new friedelan triterpene (1), together with the known compounds friedelin, 3-oxo-29-hydroxyfriedelane, 3-oxofriedelan-25-al, and canophyllol. The structures of these compounds were elucidated by spectroscopic and chemical evidence. Complete 1H and 13C assignments were achieved by 2D NMR spectroscopy. The new compound showed weak activity against aldose reductase. It did not display antitumor activity against P-388 lymphoid neoplasm, A-549 human lung carcinoma, HT-29 human colon carcinoma, or MEL-28 human melanoma cell lines.

PMID: 9461656 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

12. New natural sesquiterpenes as modulators of daunomycin resistance in a multidrug-resistant Leishmania tropica line.

Perez-Victoria JM, Tincusi BM, Jimenez IA, Bazzocchi IL, Gupta MP, Castanys S, Gamarro F, Ravelo AG.

Instituto de Parasitologia y Biomedicina “Lopez-Neyra”, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Cientificas, Ventanilla, 11, 18001 Granada, Spain.

J Med Chem. 1999 Oct 21;42(21):4388-93.

The effects produced by nine dihydro-beta-agarofuran sesquiterpenes isolated from Crossopetalum tonduzii (1-8) and Maytenus macrocarpa (9) (Celastraceae) on the reversion of the resistant phenotype on a multidrug-resistant Leishmania line and their binding to recombinant C-terminal nucleotide-binding domain of Leishmania P-glycoprotein-like transporter were studied. The structures of the new compounds (1-5) were elucidated by spectroscopic methods, including (1)H-(13)C heteronuclear correlation (HMQC), long-range correlation spectra with inversal detection (HMBC), ROESY experiments, and chemical correlations. The absolute configuration of one of them (1) was determined by CD studies. The structure-activity relationship is discussed.

PMID: 10543882 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE]

Sekar KV, et al. Mayteine and 6-benzoyl-6-deacetylmayteine from Maytenus krukovii. Planta Med, 1995 Aug

Lima OG de, et al. [Antimicrobial substances from higher plants. XXXVI. On the presence of maytenin and pristimerine in the cortical part of the roots of Maytenus ilicifolia from the South of Brazil] Rev Inst Antibiot (Recife), 1971 Jun

Gessler MC, et al. Screening Tanzanian medicinal plants for antimalarial activity. Acta Trop, 1994 Feb

Gonzááles AG, et al. Biological study of triterpenequinones from celastraceae. Farmaco [Sci], 1988 Jun

Wagner H, et al. Spermidine alkaloids and triterpenes from Maytenus heterophylla and Pleurostylia africana. Chemical constituents of the Celastraceae--IV. Planta Med, 1977 Sep

Flemming K. [Increase of phagocytosis activity by Maytenus laevis leaves and Scholler-Tornesch lignine (Porlisan)] Naturwissenschaften, 1965 Jun

Dantanarayana, A. I., V. S. Kumar et al., Phytochemistry 22 (1983) 473.

Smith, C. R. Jr. and R. G. Powell, Alkaloids: Chemical and Biological Perspectives 2 (1984) 149.